Elements
Elements
Element term “element” was first used by Robert Boyle in 1661. An element is a pure substance which cannot be split into two or more simpler substances by any physical or chemical means. It is the simplest form of matter. Copper, iron, gold, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and chlorine are examples of elements. At present, more than 118 elements are known. Out of these 92 are natural elements and others are man made. Hydrogen is an element because it cannot be split into two or more simpler substances by any physical or chemical method. Water is not an element because it can be split into two simpler substances (hydrogen and oxygen) by passing an electric current through it.
Classification of elements:
Elements can be broadly divided into two categories— metals and nonmetals. There is also a third category of elements called metalloids. Such elements have properties lying between those of metals and nonmetals. Boron, silicon and arsenic are examples of metalloids.
Metals have Lustre or Shine:-
They are good conductors of heat and electricity. They are malleable and ductile in the solid state. Most metals are solid at room temperature, except mercury which is a liquid. Examples of metals are sodium, zinc, copper, gold, iron and aluminium.
Nonmetals usually lack lustre and are bad conductors of heat and electricity. They are generally gases, and those that are solid are soft and brittle. Bromine is the only example of a liquid nonmetal. Examples of nonmetals are hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus.
Metalloids have properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals. Silicon, boron, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, germanium, etc., are metalloids.
Oxygen is an Element:
No other element has yet been found to be present in oxygen. When pure oxygen is made to react with pure hydrogen, only water is formed. Hence, oxygen is considered to be an element.
Antimony and arsenic can be classified as _________________ | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Boron is a _________________ | |||
| Right Option : A | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Which of the following metal is liquid at room temperature ? | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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